<paper_title>How to Disrupt a Market
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摘要
<paper_abstract>We show that a partial disruption to delivery reduces market efficiency and sellers’ earnings while leaving buyers’ earnings largely unchanged, with efficiency drops around 70% (delivery) and 76% (combined) relative to baseline. The disruption also increases market concentration as a dominant seller emerges over time. By contrast, a rating attack has no meaningful impact on market efficiency. These findings offer evidence-based insights for policy interventions targeting illicit markets, highlighting delivery-focused disruptions as a potentially effective tool [page::5][page::6][page::7].
