克隆策略

    {"Description":"实验创建于2017/8/26","Summary":"","Graph":{"EdgesInternal":[{"DestinationInputPortId":"287d2cb0-f53c-4101-bdf8-104b137c8601-15:instruments","SourceOutputPortId":"287d2cb0-f53c-4101-bdf8-104b137c8601-8:data"},{"DestinationInputPortId":"-560:instruments","SourceOutputPortId":"287d2cb0-f53c-4101-bdf8-104b137c8601-8:data"},{"DestinationInputPortId":"287d2cb0-f53c-4101-bdf8-104b137c8601-53:data1","SourceOutputPortId":"287d2cb0-f53c-4101-bdf8-104b137c8601-15:data"},{"DestinationInputPortId":"-560:features","SourceOutputPortId":"287d2cb0-f53c-4101-bdf8-104b137c8601-24:data"},{"DestinationInputPortId":"-567:features","SourceOutputPortId":"287d2cb0-f53c-4101-bdf8-104b137c8601-24:data"},{"DestinationInputPortId":"-574:features","SourceOutputPortId":"287d2cb0-f53c-4101-bdf8-104b137c8601-24:data"},{"DestinationInputPortId":"-581:features","SourceOutputPortId":"287d2cb0-f53c-4101-bdf8-104b137c8601-24:data"},{"DestinationInputPortId":"-270:features","SourceOutputPortId":"287d2cb0-f53c-4101-bdf8-104b137c8601-24:data"},{"DestinationInputPortId":"-284:input_data","SourceOutputPortId":"287d2cb0-f53c-4101-bdf8-104b137c8601-53:data"},{"DestinationInputPortId":"-591:options_data","SourceOutputPortId":"287d2cb0-f53c-4101-bdf8-104b137c8601-60:predictions"},{"DestinationInputPortId":"-574:instruments","SourceOutputPortId":"287d2cb0-f53c-4101-bdf8-104b137c8601-62:data"},{"DestinationInputPortId":"-591:instruments","SourceOutputPortId":"287d2cb0-f53c-4101-bdf8-104b137c8601-62:data"},{"DestinationInputPortId":"-567:input_data","SourceOutputPortId":"-560:data"},{"DestinationInputPortId":"287d2cb0-f53c-4101-bdf8-104b137c8601-53:data2","SourceOutputPortId":"-567:data"},{"DestinationInputPortId":"-581:input_data","SourceOutputPortId":"-574:data"},{"DestinationInputPortId":"-288:input_data","SourceOutputPortId":"-581:data"},{"DestinationInputPortId":"287d2cb0-f53c-4101-bdf8-104b137c8601-60:model","SourceOutputPortId":"-270:model"},{"DestinationInputPortId":"-270:training_ds","SourceOutputPortId":"-284:data"},{"DestinationInputPortId":"287d2cb0-f53c-4101-bdf8-104b137c8601-60:data","SourceOutputPortId":"-288:data"}],"ModuleNodes":[{"Id":"287d2cb0-f53c-4101-bdf8-104b137c8601-8","ModuleId":"BigQuantSpace.instruments.instruments-v2","ModuleParameters":[{"Name":"start_date","Value":"2010-01-01","ValueType":"Literal","LinkedGlobalParameter":null},{"Name":"end_date","Value":"2015-01-01","ValueType":"Literal","LinkedGlobalParameter":null},{"Name":"market","Value":"CN_STOCK_A","ValueType":"Literal","LinkedGlobalParameter":null},{"Name":"instrument_list","Value":"","ValueType":"Literal","LinkedGlobalParameter":null},{"Name":"max_count","Value":"0","ValueType":"Literal","LinkedGlobalParameter":null}],"InputPortsInternal":[{"DataSourceId":null,"TrainedModelId":null,"TransformModuleId":null,"Name":"rolling_conf","NodeId":"287d2cb0-f53c-4101-bdf8-104b137c8601-8"}],"OutputPortsInternal":[{"Name":"data","NodeId":"287d2cb0-f53c-4101-bdf8-104b137c8601-8","OutputType":null}],"UsePreviousResults":true,"moduleIdForCode":1,"IsPartOfPartialRun":null,"Comment":"","CommentCollapsed":true},{"Id":"287d2cb0-f53c-4101-bdf8-104b137c8601-15","ModuleId":"BigQuantSpace.advanced_auto_labeler.advanced_auto_labeler-v2","ModuleParameters":[{"Name":"label_expr","Value":"# #号开始的表示注释\n# 0. 每行一个,顺序执行,从第二个开始,可以使用label字段\n# 1. 可用数据字段见 https://bigquant.com/docs/data_history_data.html\n# 添加benchmark_前缀,可使用对应的benchmark数据\n# 2. 可用操作符和函数见 `表达式引擎 <https://bigquant.com/docs/big_expr.html>`_\n\n# 计算收益:5日收盘价(作为卖出价格)除以明日开盘价(作为买入价格)\nshift(close, -22) / shift(open, -1)\n\n# 极值处理:用1%和99%分位的值做clip\nclip(label, all_quantile(label, 0.01), all_quantile(label, 0.99))\n\n# 将分数映射到分类,这里使用20个分类\nall_wbins(label, 20)\n\n# 过滤掉一字涨停的情况 (设置label为NaN,在后续处理和训练中会忽略NaN的label)\nwhere(shift(high, -1) == shift(low, -1), NaN, label)\n","ValueType":"Literal","LinkedGlobalParameter":null},{"Name":"start_date","Value":"","ValueType":"Literal","LinkedGlobalParameter":null},{"Name":"end_date","Value":"","ValueType":"Literal","LinkedGlobalParameter":null},{"Name":"benchmark","Value":"000300.SHA","ValueType":"Literal","LinkedGlobalParameter":null},{"Name":"drop_na_label","Value":"True","ValueType":"Literal","LinkedGlobalParameter":null},{"Name":"cast_label_int","Value":"True","ValueType":"Literal","LinkedGlobalParameter":null},{"Name":"user_functions","Value":"","ValueType":"Literal","LinkedGlobalParameter":null}],"InputPortsInternal":[{"DataSourceId":null,"TrainedModelId":null,"TransformModuleId":null,"Name":"instruments","NodeId":"287d2cb0-f53c-4101-bdf8-104b137c8601-15"}],"OutputPortsInternal":[{"Name":"data","NodeId":"287d2cb0-f53c-4101-bdf8-104b137c8601-15","OutputType":null}],"UsePreviousResults":true,"moduleIdForCode":2,"IsPartOfPartialRun":null,"Comment":"","CommentCollapsed":true},{"Id":"287d2cb0-f53c-4101-bdf8-104b137c8601-24","ModuleId":"BigQuantSpace.input_features.input_features-v1","ModuleParameters":[{"Name":"features","Value":"# #号开始的表示注释\n# 多个特征,每行一个,可以包含基础特征和衍生特征\nreturn_5\nreturn_10\nreturn_20\navg_amount_0/avg_amount_5\navg_amount_5/avg_amount_20\nrank_avg_amount_0/rank_avg_amount_5\nrank_avg_amount_5/rank_avg_amount_10\nrank_return_0\nrank_return_5\nrank_return_10\nrank_return_0/rank_return_5\nrank_return_5/rank_return_10\npe_ttm_0","ValueType":"Literal","LinkedGlobalParameter":null}],"InputPortsInternal":[{"DataSourceId":null,"TrainedModelId":null,"TransformModuleId":null,"Name":"features_ds","NodeId":"287d2cb0-f53c-4101-bdf8-104b137c8601-24"}],"OutputPortsInternal":[{"Name":"data","NodeId":"287d2cb0-f53c-4101-bdf8-104b137c8601-24","OutputType":null}],"UsePreviousResults":true,"moduleIdForCode":3,"IsPartOfPartialRun":null,"Comment":"","CommentCollapsed":true},{"Id":"287d2cb0-f53c-4101-bdf8-104b137c8601-53","ModuleId":"BigQuantSpace.join.join-v3","ModuleParameters":[{"Name":"on","Value":"date,instrument","ValueType":"Literal","LinkedGlobalParameter":null},{"Name":"how","Value":"inner","ValueType":"Literal","LinkedGlobalParameter":null},{"Name":"sort","Value":"False","ValueType":"Literal","LinkedGlobalParameter":null}],"InputPortsInternal":[{"DataSourceId":null,"TrainedModelId":null,"TransformModuleId":null,"Name":"data1","NodeId":"287d2cb0-f53c-4101-bdf8-104b137c8601-53"},{"DataSourceId":null,"TrainedModelId":null,"TransformModuleId":null,"Name":"data2","NodeId":"287d2cb0-f53c-4101-bdf8-104b137c8601-53"}],"OutputPortsInternal":[{"Name":"data","NodeId":"287d2cb0-f53c-4101-bdf8-104b137c8601-53","OutputType":null}],"UsePreviousResults":true,"moduleIdForCode":7,"IsPartOfPartialRun":null,"Comment":"","CommentCollapsed":true},{"Id":"287d2cb0-f53c-4101-bdf8-104b137c8601-60","ModuleId":"BigQuantSpace.stock_ranker_predict.stock_ranker_predict-v5","ModuleParameters":[{"Name":"m_lazy_run","Value":"False","ValueType":"Literal","LinkedGlobalParameter":null}],"InputPortsInternal":[{"DataSourceId":null,"TrainedModelId":null,"TransformModuleId":null,"Name":"model","NodeId":"287d2cb0-f53c-4101-bdf8-104b137c8601-60"},{"DataSourceId":null,"TrainedModelId":null,"TransformModuleId":null,"Name":"data","NodeId":"287d2cb0-f53c-4101-bdf8-104b137c8601-60"}],"OutputPortsInternal":[{"Name":"predictions","NodeId":"287d2cb0-f53c-4101-bdf8-104b137c8601-60","OutputType":null},{"Name":"m_lazy_run","NodeId":"287d2cb0-f53c-4101-bdf8-104b137c8601-60","OutputType":null}],"UsePreviousResults":true,"moduleIdForCode":8,"IsPartOfPartialRun":null,"Comment":"","CommentCollapsed":true},{"Id":"287d2cb0-f53c-4101-bdf8-104b137c8601-62","ModuleId":"BigQuantSpace.instruments.instruments-v2","ModuleParameters":[{"Name":"start_date","Value":"2017-01-01","ValueType":"Literal","LinkedGlobalParameter":"交易日期"},{"Name":"end_date","Value":"2018-10-22","ValueType":"Literal","LinkedGlobalParameter":"交易日期"},{"Name":"market","Value":"CN_STOCK_A","ValueType":"Literal","LinkedGlobalParameter":null},{"Name":"instrument_list","Value":"","ValueType":"Literal","LinkedGlobalParameter":null},{"Name":"max_count","Value":"0","ValueType":"Literal","LinkedGlobalParameter":null}],"InputPortsInternal":[{"DataSourceId":null,"TrainedModelId":null,"TransformModuleId":null,"Name":"rolling_conf","NodeId":"287d2cb0-f53c-4101-bdf8-104b137c8601-62"}],"OutputPortsInternal":[{"Name":"data","NodeId":"287d2cb0-f53c-4101-bdf8-104b137c8601-62","OutputType":null}],"UsePreviousResults":true,"moduleIdForCode":9,"IsPartOfPartialRun":null,"Comment":"预测数据,用于回测和模拟","CommentCollapsed":false},{"Id":"-560","ModuleId":"BigQuantSpace.general_feature_extractor.general_feature_extractor-v7","ModuleParameters":[{"Name":"start_date","Value":"","ValueType":"Literal","LinkedGlobalParameter":null},{"Name":"end_date","Value":"","ValueType":"Literal","LinkedGlobalParameter":null},{"Name":"before_start_days","Value":"90","ValueType":"Literal","LinkedGlobalParameter":null}],"InputPortsInternal":[{"DataSourceId":null,"TrainedModelId":null,"TransformModuleId":null,"Name":"instruments","NodeId":"-560"},{"DataSourceId":null,"TrainedModelId":null,"TransformModuleId":null,"Name":"features","NodeId":"-560"}],"OutputPortsInternal":[{"Name":"data","NodeId":"-560","OutputType":null}],"UsePreviousResults":true,"moduleIdForCode":15,"IsPartOfPartialRun":null,"Comment":"","CommentCollapsed":true},{"Id":"-567","ModuleId":"BigQuantSpace.derived_feature_extractor.derived_feature_extractor-v3","ModuleParameters":[{"Name":"date_col","Value":"date","ValueType":"Literal","LinkedGlobalParameter":null},{"Name":"instrument_col","Value":"instrument","ValueType":"Literal","LinkedGlobalParameter":null},{"Name":"drop_na","Value":"False","ValueType":"Literal","LinkedGlobalParameter":null},{"Name":"remove_extra_columns","Value":"False","ValueType":"Literal","LinkedGlobalParameter":null},{"Name":"user_functions","Value":"","ValueType":"Literal","LinkedGlobalParameter":null}],"InputPortsInternal":[{"DataSourceId":null,"TrainedModelId":null,"TransformModuleId":null,"Name":"input_data","NodeId":"-567"},{"DataSourceId":null,"TrainedModelId":null,"TransformModuleId":null,"Name":"features","NodeId":"-567"}],"OutputPortsInternal":[{"Name":"data","NodeId":"-567","OutputType":null}],"UsePreviousResults":true,"moduleIdForCode":16,"IsPartOfPartialRun":null,"Comment":"","CommentCollapsed":true},{"Id":"-574","ModuleId":"BigQuantSpace.general_feature_extractor.general_feature_extractor-v7","ModuleParameters":[{"Name":"start_date","Value":"","ValueType":"Literal","LinkedGlobalParameter":null},{"Name":"end_date","Value":"","ValueType":"Literal","LinkedGlobalParameter":null},{"Name":"before_start_days","Value":"90","ValueType":"Literal","LinkedGlobalParameter":null}],"InputPortsInternal":[{"DataSourceId":null,"TrainedModelId":null,"TransformModuleId":null,"Name":"instruments","NodeId":"-574"},{"DataSourceId":null,"TrainedModelId":null,"TransformModuleId":null,"Name":"features","NodeId":"-574"}],"OutputPortsInternal":[{"Name":"data","NodeId":"-574","OutputType":null}],"UsePreviousResults":true,"moduleIdForCode":17,"IsPartOfPartialRun":null,"Comment":"","CommentCollapsed":true},{"Id":"-581","ModuleId":"BigQuantSpace.derived_feature_extractor.derived_feature_extractor-v3","ModuleParameters":[{"Name":"date_col","Value":"date","ValueType":"Literal","LinkedGlobalParameter":null},{"Name":"instrument_col","Value":"instrument","ValueType":"Literal","LinkedGlobalParameter":null},{"Name":"drop_na","Value":"False","ValueType":"Literal","LinkedGlobalParameter":null},{"Name":"remove_extra_columns","Value":"False","ValueType":"Literal","LinkedGlobalParameter":null},{"Name":"user_functions","Value":"","ValueType":"Literal","LinkedGlobalParameter":null}],"InputPortsInternal":[{"DataSourceId":null,"TrainedModelId":null,"TransformModuleId":null,"Name":"input_data","NodeId":"-581"},{"DataSourceId":null,"TrainedModelId":null,"TransformModuleId":null,"Name":"features","NodeId":"-581"}],"OutputPortsInternal":[{"Name":"data","NodeId":"-581","OutputType":null}],"UsePreviousResults":true,"moduleIdForCode":18,"IsPartOfPartialRun":null,"Comment":"","CommentCollapsed":true},{"Id":"-591","ModuleId":"BigQuantSpace.trade.trade-v4","ModuleParameters":[{"Name":"start_date","Value":"","ValueType":"Literal","LinkedGlobalParameter":null},{"Name":"end_date","Value":"","ValueType":"Literal","LinkedGlobalParameter":null},{"Name":"initialize","Value":"# 回测引擎:初始化函数,只执行一次\ndef bigquant_run(context):\n # 加载预测数据\n context.ranker_prediction = context.options['data'].read_df()\n\n # 系统已经设置了默认的交易手续费和滑点,要修改手续费可使用如下函数\n context.set_commission(PerOrder(buy_cost=0.0003, sell_cost=0.0013, min_cost=5))\n # 预测数据,通过options传入进来,使用 read_df 函数,加载到内存 (DataFrame)\n # 设置买入的股票数量,这里买入预测股票列表排名靠前的5只\n stock_count = 30\n # 每只的股票的权重,如下的权重分配会使得靠前的股票分配多一点的资金,[0.339160, 0.213986, 0.169580, ..]\n context.stock_weights = T.norm([1 / math.log(i + 2) for i in range(0, stock_count)])\n # 设置每只股票占用的最大资金比例\n context.max_cash_per_instrument = 0.2\n context.options['hold_days'] = 22\n","ValueType":"Literal","LinkedGlobalParameter":null},{"Name":"handle_data","Value":"# 回测引擎:每日数据处理函数,每天执行一次\ndef bigquant_run(context, data):\n # 按日期过滤得到今日的预测数据\n ranker_prediction = context.ranker_prediction[\n context.ranker_prediction.date == data.current_dt.strftime('%Y-%m-%d')]\n\n # 1. 资金分配\n # 平均持仓时间是hold_days,每日都将买入股票,每日预期使用 1/hold_days 的资金\n # 实际操作中,会存在一定的买入误差,所以在前hold_days天,等量使用资金;之后,尽量使用剩余资金(这里设置最多用等量的1.5倍)\n is_staging = context.trading_day_index < context.options['hold_days'] # 是否在建仓期间(前 hold_days 天)\n cash_avg = context.portfolio.portfolio_value / context.options['hold_days']\n cash_for_buy = min(context.portfolio.cash, (1 if is_staging else 1.5) * cash_avg)\n cash_for_sell = cash_avg - (context.portfolio.cash - cash_for_buy)\n positions = {e.symbol: p.amount * p.last_sale_price\n for e, p in context.perf_tracker.position_tracker.positions.items()}\n\n # 2. 生成卖出订单:hold_days天之后才开始卖出;对持仓的股票,按机器学习算法预测的排序末位淘汰\n if not is_staging and cash_for_sell > 0:\n equities = {e.symbol: e for e, p in context.perf_tracker.position_tracker.positions.items()}\n instruments = list(reversed(list(ranker_prediction.instrument[ranker_prediction.instrument.apply(\n lambda x: x in equities and not context.has_unfinished_sell_order(equities[x]))])))\n for instrument in instruments:\n context.order_target(context.symbol(instrument), 0)\n cash_for_sell -= positions[instrument]\n if cash_for_sell <= 0:\n break\n\n # 3. 生成买入订单:按机器学习算法预测的排序,买入前面的stock_count只股票\n buy_cash_weights = context.stock_weights\n buy_instruments = list(ranker_prediction.instrument[:len(buy_cash_weights)])\n max_cash_per_instrument = context.portfolio.portfolio_value * context.max_cash_per_instrument\n for i, instrument in enumerate(buy_instruments):\n cash = cash_for_buy * buy_cash_weights[i]\n if cash > max_cash_per_instrument - positions.get(instrument, 0):\n # 确保股票持仓量不会超过每次股票最大的占用资金量\n cash = max_cash_per_instrument - positions.get(instrument, 0)\n if cash > 0:\n context.order_value(context.symbol(instrument), cash)\n","ValueType":"Literal","LinkedGlobalParameter":null},{"Name":"prepare","Value":"# 回测引擎:准备数据,只执行一次\ndef bigquant_run(context):\n pass\n","ValueType":"Literal","LinkedGlobalParameter":null},{"Name":"before_trading_start","Value":"","ValueType":"Literal","LinkedGlobalParameter":null},{"Name":"volume_limit","Value":0.025,"ValueType":"Literal","LinkedGlobalParameter":null},{"Name":"order_price_field_buy","Value":"open","ValueType":"Literal","LinkedGlobalParameter":null},{"Name":"order_price_field_sell","Value":"close","ValueType":"Literal","LinkedGlobalParameter":null},{"Name":"capital_base","Value":1000000,"ValueType":"Literal","LinkedGlobalParameter":null},{"Name":"auto_cancel_non_tradable_orders","Value":"True","ValueType":"Literal","LinkedGlobalParameter":null},{"Name":"data_frequency","Value":"daily","ValueType":"Literal","LinkedGlobalParameter":null},{"Name":"price_type","Value":"后复权","ValueType":"Literal","LinkedGlobalParameter":null},{"Name":"product_type","Value":"股票","ValueType":"Literal","LinkedGlobalParameter":null},{"Name":"plot_charts","Value":"True","ValueType":"Literal","LinkedGlobalParameter":null},{"Name":"backtest_only","Value":"False","ValueType":"Literal","LinkedGlobalParameter":null},{"Name":"benchmark","Value":"","ValueType":"Literal","LinkedGlobalParameter":null}],"InputPortsInternal":[{"DataSourceId":null,"TrainedModelId":null,"TransformModuleId":null,"Name":"instruments","NodeId":"-591"},{"DataSourceId":null,"TrainedModelId":null,"TransformModuleId":null,"Name":"options_data","NodeId":"-591"},{"DataSourceId":null,"TrainedModelId":null,"TransformModuleId":null,"Name":"history_ds","NodeId":"-591"},{"DataSourceId":null,"TrainedModelId":null,"TransformModuleId":null,"Name":"benchmark_ds","NodeId":"-591"},{"DataSourceId":null,"TrainedModelId":null,"TransformModuleId":null,"Name":"trading_calendar","NodeId":"-591"}],"OutputPortsInternal":[{"Name":"raw_perf","NodeId":"-591","OutputType":null}],"UsePreviousResults":false,"moduleIdForCode":19,"IsPartOfPartialRun":null,"Comment":"","CommentCollapsed":true},{"Id":"-613","ModuleId":"BigQuantSpace.hyper_rolling_train.hyper_rolling_train-v1","ModuleParameters":[{"Name":"run","Value":"def bigquant_run(\n bq_graph,\n inputs,\n trading_days_market='CN', # 使用那个市场的交易日历\n train_instruments_mid='m1', # 训练数据 证券代码列表 模块id\n test_instruments_mid='m9', # 测试数据 证券代码列表 模块id\n predict_mid='m8', # 预测 模块id\n trade_mid='m19', # 回测 模块id\n start_date='2016-01-01', # 数据开始日期\n end_date=T.live_run_param('trading_date', '2018-10-22'), # 数据结束日期\n train_update_days=250, # 更新周期,按交易日计算,每多少天更新一次\n train_update_days_for_live=None, #模拟实盘模式下的更新周期,按交易日计算,每多少天更新一次。如果需要在模拟实盘阶段使用不同的模型更新周期,可以设置这个参数\n train_data_min_days=250, # 最小数据天数,按交易日计算,所以第一个滚动的结束日期是 从开始日期到开始日期+最小数据天数\n train_data_max_days=250, # 最大数据天数,按交易日计算,0,表示没有限制,否则每一个滚动的开始日期=max(此滚动的结束日期-最大数据天数, 开始日期\n rolling_count_for_live=1, #实盘模式下滚动次数,模拟实盘模式下,取最后多少次滚动。一般在模拟实盘模式下,只用到最后一次滚动训练的模型,这里可以设置为1;如果你的滚动训练数据时间段很短,以至于期间可能没有训练数据,这里可以设置大一点。0表示没有限制\n):\n def merge_datasources(input_1):\n df_list = [ds[0].read_df().set_index('date').ix[ds[1]:].reset_index() for ds in input_1]\n df = pd.concat(df_list)\n instrument_data = {\n 'start_date': df['date'].min().strftime('%Y-%m-%d'),\n 'end_date': df['date'].max().strftime('%Y-%m-%d'),\n 'instruments': list(set(df['instrument'])),\n }\n return Outputs(data=DataSource.write_df(df), instrument_data=DataSource.write_pickle(instrument_data))\n\n def gen_rolling_dates(trading_days_market, start_date, end_date, train_update_days, train_update_days_for_live, train_data_min_days, train_data_max_days, rolling_count_for_live):\n # 是否实盘模式\n tdays = list(D.trading_days(market=trading_days_market, start_date=start_date, end_date=end_date)['date'])\n is_live_run = T.live_run_param('trading_date', None) is not None\n\n if is_live_run and train_update_days_for_live:\n train_update_days = train_update_days_for_live\n\n rollings = []\n train_end_date = train_data_min_days\n while train_end_date < len(tdays):\n if train_data_max_days is not None:\n train_start_date = max(train_end_date - train_data_max_days, 0)\n else:\n train_start_date = start_date\n rollings.append({\n 'train_start_date': tdays[train_start_date].strftime('%Y-%m-%d'),\n 'train_end_date': tdays[train_end_date - 1].strftime('%Y-%m-%d'),\n 'test_start_date': tdays[train_end_date].strftime('%Y-%m-%d'),\n 'test_end_date': tdays[min(train_end_date + train_update_days, len(tdays)) - 1].strftime('%Y-%m-%d'),\n })\n train_end_date += train_update_days\n\n if not rollings:\n raise Exception('没有滚动需要执行,请检查配置')\n\n if is_live_run and rolling_count_for_live:\n rollings = rollings[-rolling_count_for_live:]\n\n return rollings\n\n g = bq_graph\n\n rolling_dates = gen_rolling_dates(\n trading_days_market, start_date, end_date, train_update_days, train_update_days_for_live, train_data_min_days, train_data_max_days, rolling_count_for_live)\n\n # 训练和预测\n results = []\n for rolling in rolling_dates:\n parameters = {}\n # 先禁用回测\n parameters[trade_mid + '.__enabled__'] = False\n parameters[train_instruments_mid + '.start_date'] = rolling['train_start_date']\n parameters[train_instruments_mid + '.end_date'] = rolling['train_end_date']\n parameters[test_instruments_mid + '.start_date'] = rolling['test_start_date']\n parameters[test_instruments_mid + '.end_date'] = rolling['test_end_date']\n # print('------ rolling_train:', parameters)\n results.append(g.run(parameters))\n\n # 合并预测结果并回测\n mx = M.cached.v3(run=merge_datasources, input_1=[[result[predict_mid].predictions,result[test_instruments_mid].data.read_pickle()['start_date']] for result in results])\n parameters = {}\n parameters['*.__enabled__'] = False\n parameters[trade_mid + '.__enabled__'] = True\n parameters[trade_mid + '.instruments'] = mx.instrument_data\n parameters[trade_mid + '.options_data'] = mx.data\n\n trade = g.run(parameters)\n\n return {'rollings': results, 'trade': trade}\n","ValueType":"Literal","LinkedGlobalParameter":null},{"Name":"run_now","Value":"True","ValueType":"Literal","LinkedGlobalParameter":null},{"Name":"bq_graph","Value":"","ValueType":"Literal","LinkedGlobalParameter":null}],"InputPortsInternal":[{"DataSourceId":null,"TrainedModelId":null,"TransformModuleId":null,"Name":"bq_graph_port","NodeId":"-613"},{"DataSourceId":null,"TrainedModelId":null,"TransformModuleId":null,"Name":"input_1","NodeId":"-613"},{"DataSourceId":null,"TrainedModelId":null,"TransformModuleId":null,"Name":"input_2","NodeId":"-613"},{"DataSourceId":null,"TrainedModelId":null,"TransformModuleId":null,"Name":"input_3","NodeId":"-613"}],"OutputPortsInternal":[{"Name":"result","NodeId":"-613","OutputType":null}],"UsePreviousResults":false,"moduleIdForCode":20,"IsPartOfPartialRun":null,"Comment":"","CommentCollapsed":true},{"Id":"-270","ModuleId":"BigQuantSpace.stock_ranker_train.stock_ranker_train-v6","ModuleParameters":[{"Name":"learning_algorithm","Value":"排序","ValueType":"Literal","LinkedGlobalParameter":null},{"Name":"number_of_leaves","Value":30,"ValueType":"Literal","LinkedGlobalParameter":null},{"Name":"minimum_docs_per_leaf","Value":1000,"ValueType":"Literal","LinkedGlobalParameter":null},{"Name":"number_of_trees","Value":20,"ValueType":"Literal","LinkedGlobalParameter":null},{"Name":"learning_rate","Value":0.1,"ValueType":"Literal","LinkedGlobalParameter":null},{"Name":"max_bins","Value":1023,"ValueType":"Literal","LinkedGlobalParameter":null},{"Name":"feature_fraction","Value":1,"ValueType":"Literal","LinkedGlobalParameter":null},{"Name":"data_row_fraction","Value":1,"ValueType":"Literal","LinkedGlobalParameter":null},{"Name":"ndcg_discount_base","Value":1,"ValueType":"Literal","LinkedGlobalParameter":null},{"Name":"m_lazy_run","Value":"False","ValueType":"Literal","LinkedGlobalParameter":null}],"InputPortsInternal":[{"DataSourceId":null,"TrainedModelId":null,"TransformModuleId":null,"Name":"training_ds","NodeId":"-270"},{"DataSourceId":null,"TrainedModelId":null,"TransformModuleId":null,"Name":"features","NodeId":"-270"},{"DataSourceId":null,"TrainedModelId":null,"TransformModuleId":null,"Name":"test_ds","NodeId":"-270"},{"DataSourceId":null,"TrainedModelId":null,"TransformModuleId":null,"Name":"base_model","NodeId":"-270"}],"OutputPortsInternal":[{"Name":"model","NodeId":"-270","OutputType":null},{"Name":"feature_gains","NodeId":"-270","OutputType":null},{"Name":"m_lazy_run","NodeId":"-270","OutputType":null}],"UsePreviousResults":true,"moduleIdForCode":4,"IsPartOfPartialRun":null,"Comment":"","CommentCollapsed":true},{"Id":"-284","ModuleId":"BigQuantSpace.dropnan.dropnan-v2","ModuleParameters":[],"InputPortsInternal":[{"DataSourceId":null,"TrainedModelId":null,"TransformModuleId":null,"Name":"input_data","NodeId":"-284"},{"DataSourceId":null,"TrainedModelId":null,"TransformModuleId":null,"Name":"features","NodeId":"-284"}],"OutputPortsInternal":[{"Name":"data","NodeId":"-284","OutputType":null}],"UsePreviousResults":true,"moduleIdForCode":5,"IsPartOfPartialRun":null,"Comment":"","CommentCollapsed":true},{"Id":"-288","ModuleId":"BigQuantSpace.dropnan.dropnan-v2","ModuleParameters":[],"InputPortsInternal":[{"DataSourceId":null,"TrainedModelId":null,"TransformModuleId":null,"Name":"input_data","NodeId":"-288"},{"DataSourceId":null,"TrainedModelId":null,"TransformModuleId":null,"Name":"features","NodeId":"-288"}],"OutputPortsInternal":[{"Name":"data","NodeId":"-288","OutputType":null}],"UsePreviousResults":true,"moduleIdForCode":10,"IsPartOfPartialRun":null,"Comment":"","CommentCollapsed":true}],"SerializedClientData":"<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-16'?><DataV1 xmlns:xsd='http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema' xmlns:xsi='http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance'><Meta /><NodePositions><NodePosition Node='287d2cb0-f53c-4101-bdf8-104b137c8601-8' Position='207,75,200,200'/><NodePosition Node='287d2cb0-f53c-4101-bdf8-104b137c8601-15' Position='70,194,200,200'/><NodePosition Node='287d2cb0-f53c-4101-bdf8-104b137c8601-24' Position='585,-25,200,200'/><NodePosition Node='287d2cb0-f53c-4101-bdf8-104b137c8601-53' Position='249,375,200,200'/><NodePosition Node='287d2cb0-f53c-4101-bdf8-104b137c8601-60' Position='906,647,200,200'/><NodePosition Node='287d2cb0-f53c-4101-bdf8-104b137c8601-62' Position='1071,125,200,200'/><NodePosition Node='-560' Position='381,188,200,200'/><NodePosition Node='-567' Position='385,280,200,200'/><NodePosition Node='-574' Position='1078,236,200,200'/><NodePosition Node='-581' Position='1081,327,200,200'/><NodePosition Node='-591' Position='1033,749,200,200'/><NodePosition Node='-613' Position='268,736.310791015625,200,200'/><NodePosition Node='-270' Position='639,561,200,200'/><NodePosition Node='-284' Position='376,467,200,200'/><NodePosition Node='-288' Position='1078,418,200,200'/></NodePositions><NodeGroups /></DataV1>"},"IsDraft":true,"ParentExperimentId":null,"WebService":{"IsWebServiceExperiment":false,"Inputs":[],"Outputs":[],"Parameters":[{"Name":"交易日期","Value":"","ParameterDefinition":{"Name":"交易日期","FriendlyName":"交易日期","DefaultValue":"","ParameterType":"String","HasDefaultValue":true,"IsOptional":true,"ParameterRules":[],"HasRules":false,"MarkupType":0,"CredentialDescriptor":null}}],"WebServiceGroupId":null,"SerializedClientData":"<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-16'?><DataV1 xmlns:xsd='http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema' xmlns:xsi='http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance'><Meta /><NodePositions></NodePositions><NodeGroups /></DataV1>"},"DisableNodesUpdate":false,"Category":"user","Tags":[],"IsPartialRun":true}
    In [2]:
    # 本代码由可视化策略环境自动生成 2021年4月22日16:29
    # 本代码单元只能在可视化模式下编辑。您也可以拷贝代码,粘贴到新建的代码单元或者策略,然后修改。
    
    
    # 回测引擎:初始化函数,只执行一次
    def m19_initialize_bigquant_run(context):
        # 加载预测数据
        context.ranker_prediction = context.options['data'].read_df()
    
        # 系统已经设置了默认的交易手续费和滑点,要修改手续费可使用如下函数
        context.set_commission(PerOrder(buy_cost=0.0003, sell_cost=0.0013, min_cost=5))
        # 预测数据,通过options传入进来,使用 read_df 函数,加载到内存 (DataFrame)
        # 设置买入的股票数量,这里买入预测股票列表排名靠前的5只
        stock_count = 30
        # 每只的股票的权重,如下的权重分配会使得靠前的股票分配多一点的资金,[0.339160, 0.213986, 0.169580, ..]
        context.stock_weights = T.norm([1 / math.log(i + 2) for i in range(0, stock_count)])
        # 设置每只股票占用的最大资金比例
        context.max_cash_per_instrument = 0.2
        context.options['hold_days'] = 22
    
    # 回测引擎:每日数据处理函数,每天执行一次
    def m19_handle_data_bigquant_run(context, data):
        # 按日期过滤得到今日的预测数据
        ranker_prediction = context.ranker_prediction[
            context.ranker_prediction.date == data.current_dt.strftime('%Y-%m-%d')]
    
        # 1. 资金分配
        # 平均持仓时间是hold_days,每日都将买入股票,每日预期使用 1/hold_days 的资金
        # 实际操作中,会存在一定的买入误差,所以在前hold_days天,等量使用资金;之后,尽量使用剩余资金(这里设置最多用等量的1.5倍)
        is_staging = context.trading_day_index < context.options['hold_days'] # 是否在建仓期间(前 hold_days 天)
        cash_avg = context.portfolio.portfolio_value / context.options['hold_days']
        cash_for_buy = min(context.portfolio.cash, (1 if is_staging else 1.5) * cash_avg)
        cash_for_sell = cash_avg - (context.portfolio.cash - cash_for_buy)
        positions = {e.symbol: p.amount * p.last_sale_price
                     for e, p in context.perf_tracker.position_tracker.positions.items()}
    
        # 2. 生成卖出订单:hold_days天之后才开始卖出;对持仓的股票,按机器学习算法预测的排序末位淘汰
        if not is_staging and cash_for_sell > 0:
            equities = {e.symbol: e for e, p in context.perf_tracker.position_tracker.positions.items()}
            instruments = list(reversed(list(ranker_prediction.instrument[ranker_prediction.instrument.apply(
                    lambda x: x in equities and not context.has_unfinished_sell_order(equities[x]))])))
            for instrument in instruments:
                context.order_target(context.symbol(instrument), 0)
                cash_for_sell -= positions[instrument]
                if cash_for_sell <= 0:
                    break
    
        # 3. 生成买入订单:按机器学习算法预测的排序,买入前面的stock_count只股票
        buy_cash_weights = context.stock_weights
        buy_instruments = list(ranker_prediction.instrument[:len(buy_cash_weights)])
        max_cash_per_instrument = context.portfolio.portfolio_value * context.max_cash_per_instrument
        for i, instrument in enumerate(buy_instruments):
            cash = cash_for_buy * buy_cash_weights[i]
            if cash > max_cash_per_instrument - positions.get(instrument, 0):
                # 确保股票持仓量不会超过每次股票最大的占用资金量
                cash = max_cash_per_instrument - positions.get(instrument, 0)
            if cash > 0:
                context.order_value(context.symbol(instrument), cash)
    
    # 回测引擎:准备数据,只执行一次
    def m19_prepare_bigquant_run(context):
        pass
    
    
    g = T.Graph({
    
        'm1': 'M.instruments.v2',
        'm1.start_date': '2010-01-01',
        'm1.end_date': '2015-01-01',
        'm1.market': 'CN_STOCK_A',
        'm1.instrument_list': '',
        'm1.max_count': 0,
    
        'm2': 'M.advanced_auto_labeler.v2',
        'm2.instruments': T.Graph.OutputPort('m1.data'),
        'm2.label_expr': """# #号开始的表示注释
    # 0. 每行一个,顺序执行,从第二个开始,可以使用label字段
    # 1. 可用数据字段见 https://bigquant.com/docs/data_history_data.html
    #   添加benchmark_前缀,可使用对应的benchmark数据
    # 2. 可用操作符和函数见 `表达式引擎 <https://bigquant.com/docs/big_expr.html>`_
    
    # 计算收益:5日收盘价(作为卖出价格)除以明日开盘价(作为买入价格)
    shift(close, -22) / shift(open, -1)
    
    # 极值处理:用1%和99%分位的值做clip
    clip(label, all_quantile(label, 0.01), all_quantile(label, 0.99))
    
    # 将分数映射到分类,这里使用20个分类
    all_wbins(label, 20)
    
    # 过滤掉一字涨停的情况 (设置label为NaN,在后续处理和训练中会忽略NaN的label)
    where(shift(high, -1) == shift(low, -1), NaN, label)
    """,
        'm2.start_date': '',
        'm2.end_date': '',
        'm2.benchmark': '000300.SHA',
        'm2.drop_na_label': True,
        'm2.cast_label_int': True,
    
        'm3': 'M.input_features.v1',
        'm3.features': """# #号开始的表示注释
    # 多个特征,每行一个,可以包含基础特征和衍生特征
    return_5
    return_10
    return_20
    avg_amount_0/avg_amount_5
    avg_amount_5/avg_amount_20
    rank_avg_amount_0/rank_avg_amount_5
    rank_avg_amount_5/rank_avg_amount_10
    rank_return_0
    rank_return_5
    rank_return_10
    rank_return_0/rank_return_5
    rank_return_5/rank_return_10
    pe_ttm_0""",
    
        'm15': 'M.general_feature_extractor.v7',
        'm15.instruments': T.Graph.OutputPort('m1.data'),
        'm15.features': T.Graph.OutputPort('m3.data'),
        'm15.start_date': '',
        'm15.end_date': '',
        'm15.before_start_days': 90,
    
        'm16': 'M.derived_feature_extractor.v3',
        'm16.input_data': T.Graph.OutputPort('m15.data'),
        'm16.features': T.Graph.OutputPort('m3.data'),
        'm16.date_col': 'date',
        'm16.instrument_col': 'instrument',
        'm16.drop_na': False,
        'm16.remove_extra_columns': False,
    
        'm7': 'M.join.v3',
        'm7.data1': T.Graph.OutputPort('m2.data'),
        'm7.data2': T.Graph.OutputPort('m16.data'),
        'm7.on': 'date,instrument',
        'm7.how': 'inner',
        'm7.sort': False,
    
        'm5': 'M.dropnan.v2',
        'm5.input_data': T.Graph.OutputPort('m7.data'),
    
        'm4': 'M.stock_ranker_train.v6',
        'm4.training_ds': T.Graph.OutputPort('m5.data'),
        'm4.features': T.Graph.OutputPort('m3.data'),
        'm4.learning_algorithm': '排序',
        'm4.number_of_leaves': 30,
        'm4.minimum_docs_per_leaf': 1000,
        'm4.number_of_trees': 20,
        'm4.learning_rate': 0.1,
        'm4.max_bins': 1023,
        'm4.feature_fraction': 1,
        'm4.data_row_fraction': 1,
        'm4.ndcg_discount_base': 1,
        'm4.m_lazy_run': False,
    
        'm9': 'M.instruments.v2',
        'm9.start_date': T.live_run_param('trading_date', '2017-01-01'),
        'm9.end_date': T.live_run_param('trading_date', '2018-10-22'),
        'm9.market': 'CN_STOCK_A',
        'm9.instrument_list': '',
        'm9.max_count': 0,
    
        'm17': 'M.general_feature_extractor.v7',
        'm17.instruments': T.Graph.OutputPort('m9.data'),
        'm17.features': T.Graph.OutputPort('m3.data'),
        'm17.start_date': '',
        'm17.end_date': '',
        'm17.before_start_days': 90,
    
        'm18': 'M.derived_feature_extractor.v3',
        'm18.input_data': T.Graph.OutputPort('m17.data'),
        'm18.features': T.Graph.OutputPort('m3.data'),
        'm18.date_col': 'date',
        'm18.instrument_col': 'instrument',
        'm18.drop_na': False,
        'm18.remove_extra_columns': False,
    
        'm10': 'M.dropnan.v2',
        'm10.input_data': T.Graph.OutputPort('m18.data'),
    
        'm8': 'M.stock_ranker_predict.v5',
        'm8.model': T.Graph.OutputPort('m4.model'),
        'm8.data': T.Graph.OutputPort('m10.data'),
        'm8.m_lazy_run': False,
    
        'm19': 'M.trade.v4',
        'm19.instruments': T.Graph.OutputPort('m9.data'),
        'm19.options_data': T.Graph.OutputPort('m8.predictions'),
        'm19.start_date': '',
        'm19.end_date': '',
        'm19.initialize': m19_initialize_bigquant_run,
        'm19.handle_data': m19_handle_data_bigquant_run,
        'm19.prepare': m19_prepare_bigquant_run,
        'm19.volume_limit': 0.025,
        'm19.order_price_field_buy': 'open',
        'm19.order_price_field_sell': 'close',
        'm19.capital_base': 1000000,
        'm19.auto_cancel_non_tradable_orders': True,
        'm19.data_frequency': 'daily',
        'm19.price_type': '后复权',
        'm19.product_type': '股票',
        'm19.plot_charts': True,
        'm19.backtest_only': False,
        'm19.benchmark': '',
    })
    
    # g.run({})
    
    
    def m20_run_bigquant_run(
        bq_graph,
        inputs,
        trading_days_market='CN', # 使用那个市场的交易日历
        train_instruments_mid='m1', # 训练数据 证券代码列表 模块id
        test_instruments_mid='m9', # 测试数据 证券代码列表 模块id
        predict_mid='m8', # 预测 模块id
        trade_mid='m19', # 回测 模块id
        start_date='2016-01-01', # 数据开始日期
        end_date=T.live_run_param('trading_date', '2018-10-22'), # 数据结束日期
        train_update_days=250, # 更新周期,按交易日计算,每多少天更新一次
        train_update_days_for_live=None, #模拟实盘模式下的更新周期,按交易日计算,每多少天更新一次。如果需要在模拟实盘阶段使用不同的模型更新周期,可以设置这个参数
        train_data_min_days=250, # 最小数据天数,按交易日计算,所以第一个滚动的结束日期是 从开始日期到开始日期+最小数据天数
        train_data_max_days=250, # 最大数据天数,按交易日计算,0,表示没有限制,否则每一个滚动的开始日期=max(此滚动的结束日期-最大数据天数, 开始日期
        rolling_count_for_live=1, #实盘模式下滚动次数,模拟实盘模式下,取最后多少次滚动。一般在模拟实盘模式下,只用到最后一次滚动训练的模型,这里可以设置为1;如果你的滚动训练数据时间段很短,以至于期间可能没有训练数据,这里可以设置大一点。0表示没有限制
    ):
        def merge_datasources(input_1):
            df_list = [ds[0].read_df().set_index('date').ix[ds[1]:].reset_index() for ds in input_1]
            df = pd.concat(df_list)
            instrument_data = {
                'start_date': df['date'].min().strftime('%Y-%m-%d'),
                'end_date': df['date'].max().strftime('%Y-%m-%d'),
                'instruments': list(set(df['instrument'])),
            }
            return Outputs(data=DataSource.write_df(df), instrument_data=DataSource.write_pickle(instrument_data))
    
        def gen_rolling_dates(trading_days_market, start_date, end_date, train_update_days, train_update_days_for_live, train_data_min_days, train_data_max_days, rolling_count_for_live):
            # 是否实盘模式
            tdays = list(D.trading_days(market=trading_days_market, start_date=start_date, end_date=end_date)['date'])
            is_live_run = T.live_run_param('trading_date', None) is not None
    
            if is_live_run and train_update_days_for_live:
                train_update_days = train_update_days_for_live
    
            rollings = []
            train_end_date = train_data_min_days
            while train_end_date < len(tdays):
                if train_data_max_days is not None:
                    train_start_date = max(train_end_date - train_data_max_days, 0)
                else:
                    train_start_date = start_date
                rollings.append({
                    'train_start_date': tdays[train_start_date].strftime('%Y-%m-%d'),
                    'train_end_date': tdays[train_end_date - 1].strftime('%Y-%m-%d'),
                    'test_start_date': tdays[train_end_date].strftime('%Y-%m-%d'),
                    'test_end_date': tdays[min(train_end_date + train_update_days, len(tdays)) - 1].strftime('%Y-%m-%d'),
                })
                train_end_date += train_update_days
    
            if not rollings:
                raise Exception('没有滚动需要执行,请检查配置')
    
            if is_live_run and rolling_count_for_live:
                rollings = rollings[-rolling_count_for_live:]
    
            return rollings
    
        g = bq_graph
    
        rolling_dates = gen_rolling_dates(
            trading_days_market, start_date, end_date, train_update_days, train_update_days_for_live, train_data_min_days, train_data_max_days, rolling_count_for_live)
    
        # 训练和预测
        results = []
        for rolling in rolling_dates:
            parameters = {}
            # 先禁用回测
            parameters[trade_mid + '.__enabled__'] = False
            parameters[train_instruments_mid + '.start_date'] = rolling['train_start_date']
            parameters[train_instruments_mid + '.end_date'] = rolling['train_end_date']
            parameters[test_instruments_mid + '.start_date'] = rolling['test_start_date']
            parameters[test_instruments_mid + '.end_date'] = rolling['test_end_date']
            # print('------ rolling_train:', parameters)
            results.append(g.run(parameters))
    
        # 合并预测结果并回测
        mx = M.cached.v3(run=merge_datasources, input_1=[[result[predict_mid].predictions,result[test_instruments_mid].data.read_pickle()['start_date']] for result in results])
        parameters = {}
        parameters['*.__enabled__'] = False
        parameters[trade_mid + '.__enabled__'] = True
        parameters[trade_mid + '.instruments'] = mx.instrument_data
        parameters[trade_mid + '.options_data'] = mx.data
    
        trade = g.run(parameters)
    
        return {'rollings': results, 'trade': trade}
    
    
    m20 = M.hyper_rolling_train.v1(
        run=m20_run_bigquant_run,
        run_now=True,
        bq_graph=g
    )
    
    设置评估测试数据集,查看训练曲线
    [视频教程]StockRanker训练曲线
    bigcharts-data-start/{"__type":"tabs","__id":"bigchart-bff391c9726449928cd2320bbde5b0ba"}/bigcharts-data-end
    设置评估测试数据集,查看训练曲线
    [视频教程]StockRanker训练曲线
    bigcharts-data-start/{"__type":"tabs","__id":"bigchart-ef9f71ac38b04756aa538eac13d99d88"}/bigcharts-data-end
    ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    AttributeError                            Traceback (most recent call last)
    <ipython-input-2-1cbd8cb9d41f> in <module>
        296 
        297 
    --> 298 m20 = M.hyper_rolling_train.v1(
        299     run=m20_run_bigquant_run,
        300     run_now=True,
    
    <ipython-input-2-1cbd8cb9d41f> in m20_run_bigquant_run(bq_graph, inputs, trading_days_market, train_instruments_mid, test_instruments_mid, predict_mid, trade_mid, start_date, end_date, train_update_days, train_update_days_for_live, train_data_min_days, train_data_max_days, rolling_count_for_live)
        284 
        285     # 合并预测结果并回测
    --> 286     mx = M.cached.v3(run=merge_datasources, input_1=[[result[predict_mid].predictions,result[test_instruments_mid].data.read_pickle()['start_date']] for result in results])
        287     parameters = {}
        288     parameters['*.__enabled__'] = False
    
    <ipython-input-2-1cbd8cb9d41f> in merge_datasources(input_1)
        225 ):
        226     def merge_datasources(input_1):
    --> 227         df_list = [ds[0].read_df().set_index('date').ix[ds[1]:].reset_index() for ds in input_1]
        228         df = pd.concat(df_list)
        229         instrument_data = {
    
    <ipython-input-2-1cbd8cb9d41f> in <listcomp>(.0)
        225 ):
        226     def merge_datasources(input_1):
    --> 227         df_list = [ds[0].read_df().set_index('date').ix[ds[1]:].reset_index() for ds in input_1]
        228         df = pd.concat(df_list)
        229         instrument_data = {
    
    AttributeError: 'DataFrame' object has no attribute 'ix'