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克隆策略

多条件选股策略

版本 v1.0

目录

  • ### 多条件选股策略的交易规则

  • ### 策略构建步骤

  • ### 策略的实现

正文

一、多条件选股策略的交易规则

  • 买入条件:满足 1)今日开盘价大于昨日收盘价;2)5日收盘价均线大于10日收盘价均线的股票按PE升序排名取前十名,次日以开盘价买入;
  • 买入后,如果5日收盘价均线小于10日收盘价均线,则次日以开盘价卖出。

二、策略构建步骤

1、确定股票池和回测时间

  • 通过证券代码列表输入要回测的单只/多只股票,以及回测的起止日期

2、确定买卖条件信号

  • 在输入特征列表中通过表达式引擎定义 buy_condition=where((open_0>close_1)&(mean(close_0,5)>mean(close_0,10)),1,0),实现买入信号。
  • 在输入特征列表中通过表达式引擎定义 sell_condition=where(mean(close_0,5)<mean(close_0,10),1,0),实现卖出信号。
  • 通过基础特征和衍生特征抽取模块实现买卖条件指标 buy_condition 和 sell_condition 数据的抽取。
  • 通过缺失数据处理模块删去有缺失值的数据。

3、确定买卖原则

  • 已有持仓中满足卖出条件的股票为卖出股票列表,需执行卖出操作并更新可用现金。
  • 满足买入条件且没有持仓的股票为买入股票列表,需根据可用现金执行等资金买入操作,此例采用整百股数下单。

4、模拟回测

  • 通过 trade 模块中的初始化函数定义交易手续费和滑点;
  • 通过 trade 模块中的准备函数定义 context.daily_stock_buy 和 context.daily_stock_sell 变量来获取并存放每日符合买卖条件的股票列表;
  • 通过 trade 模块中的主函数(handle函数)查看每日的买卖交易信号,按照买卖原则执行相应的买入/卖出操作。

三、策略的实现

可视化策略实现如下:

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    In [1]:
    # 本代码由可视化策略环境自动生成 2021年12月6日 22:14
    # 本代码单元只能在可视化模式下编辑。您也可以拷贝代码,粘贴到新建的代码单元或者策略,然后修改。
    
    
    # 回测引擎:初始化函数,只执行一次
    def m8_initialize_bigquant_run(context):
    
        # 系统已经设置了默认的交易手续费和滑点,要修改手续费可使用如下函数
        context.set_commission(PerOrder(buy_cost=0.0003, sell_cost=0.0013, min_cost=5))
    
    
    # 回测引擎:每日数据处理函数,每天执行一次
    def m8_handle_data_bigquant_run(context, data):
        # 回测引擎:每日数据处理函数,每天执行一次
        today = data.current_dt.strftime('%Y-%m-%d') # 日期
        # 通过positions对象,使用列表生成式的方法获取目前持仓的股票列表和对应的最新市值
        stock_hold_now = {e.symbol: p.amount * p.last_sale_price
                     for e, p in context.perf_tracker.position_tracker.positions.items()}
    
        # 记录用于买入股票的可用现金
        cash_for_buy = context.portfolio.cash
        
        # 获取当日符合买入/卖出条件的股票列表
        try:
            buy_stock = context.daily_buy_stock[today]  # 当日符合买入条件的股票
        except:
            buy_stock=[]
        try:
            sell_stock = context.daily_sell_stock[today]  # 当日符合卖出条件的股票
        except:
            sell_stock = []
    
        # 需要卖出的股票:已有持仓中符合卖出条件的股票
        stock_to_sell = [i for i in stock_hold_now if i in sell_stock]
        # 需要买入的股票:没有持仓且符合买入条件的股票
        stock_to_buy = [i for i in buy_stock if i not in stock_hold_now]
        # 卖出
        for instrument in stock_to_sell:
            # 如果该股票停牌,则没法成交。因此需要用can_trade方法检查下该股票的状态
            # 如果返回真值,则可以正常下单,否则会出错
            # 因为stock是字符串格式,我们用symbol方法将其转化成平台可以接受的形式:Equity格式
            if data.can_trade(context.symbol(instrument)):
                # order_target_percent是平台的一个下单接口,表明下单使得该股票的权重为0,即卖出全部股票,可参考回测文档
                context.order_target_percent(context.symbol(instrument), 0)
                # 开盘卖出后所得资金可用来买入股票,更新当日可用现金
                cash_for_buy += stock_hold_now[instrument]
                
        # 如果当天没有买入的股票,就返回
        if len(stock_to_buy) == 0:
            return
        
        # 买入
        for instrument in stock_to_buy:
            # 利用当日可用现金使用等资金比例下单买入
            cash = cash_for_buy / len(stock_to_buy)
            if data.can_trade(context.symbol(instrument)):
                current_price = data.current(context.symbol(instrument), 'price')
                amount = math.floor(cash / current_price / 100) * 100
                context.order(context.symbol(instrument), amount)
    # 回测引擎:准备数据,只执行一次
    def m8_prepare_bigquant_run(context):
        # 加载预测数据
        df = context.options['data'].read_df()
        # 函数:求满足开仓条件的股票列表
        def open_pos_con(df):
            return list(df[df['buy_condition']>0].instrument)[:10]
    
        # 函数:求满足平仓条件的股票列表
        def close_pos_con(df):
            return list(df[df['sell_condition']>0].instrument)
        
        # 每日买入股票的数据框
        context.daily_buy_stock= df.groupby('date').apply(open_pos_con)
        # 每日卖出股票的数据框
        context.daily_sell_stock= df.groupby('date').apply(close_pos_con)    
        
        
    
    # 回测引擎:每个单位时间开始前调用一次,即每日开盘前调用一次。
    def m8_before_trading_start_bigquant_run(context, data):
        pass
    
    
    m1 = M.instruments.v2(
        start_date='2017-05-01',
        end_date=T.live_run_param('trading_date', '2017-07-01'),
        market='CN_STOCK_A',
        instrument_list='',
        max_count=0
    )
    
    m2 = M.input_features.v1(
        features="""
    # #号开始的表示注释
    # 多个特征,每行一个,可以包含基础特征和衍生特征
    buy_condition=where((open_0>close_1)&(mean(close_0,5)>mean(close_0,10)),1,0)
    sell_condition=where(mean(close_0,5)<mean(close_0,10),1,0)
    pe_ttm_0
    """
    )
    
    m5 = M.general_feature_extractor.v7(
        instruments=m1.data,
        features=m2.data,
        start_date='',
        end_date='',
        before_start_days=60,
        m_cached=False
    )
    
    m7 = M.derived_feature_extractor.v3(
        input_data=m5.data,
        features=m2.data,
        date_col='date',
        instrument_col='instrument',
        drop_na=False,
        remove_extra_columns=False,
        user_functions={}
    )
    
    m9 = M.sort.v4(
        input_ds=m7.data,
        sort_by='pe_ttm_0',
        group_by='date',
        keep_columns='--',
        ascending=True
    )
    
    m8 = M.trade.v4(
        instruments=m1.data,
        options_data=m9.sorted_data,
        start_date='',
        end_date='',
        initialize=m8_initialize_bigquant_run,
        handle_data=m8_handle_data_bigquant_run,
        prepare=m8_prepare_bigquant_run,
        before_trading_start=m8_before_trading_start_bigquant_run,
        volume_limit=0.025,
        order_price_field_buy='open',
        order_price_field_sell='open',
        capital_base=1000000,
        auto_cancel_non_tradable_orders=True,
        data_frequency='daily',
        price_type='后复权',
        product_type='股票',
        plot_charts=True,
        backtest_only=False,
        benchmark='000300.HIX'
    )
    
    • 收益率-6.92%
    • 年化收益率-34.96%
    • 基准收益率6.6%
    • 阿尔法-0.68
    • 贝塔0.64
    • 夏普比率-2.66
    • 胜率0.39
    • 盈亏比0.69
    • 收益波动率16.76%
    • 信息比率-0.32
    • 最大回撤9.99%
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