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克隆策略

浅谈小市值策略

版本 v1.0

目录

策略交易规则

策略构建步骤

正文

一、小市值策略的交易规则

每月月初买入市值最小的30只股票并且成交额满足一定条件的股票,持有至下个月月初再调仓,等权重买,无单只股票仓位上限控制、无止盈止损。

二、策略构建步骤

1、确定股票池和回测时间 通过证券代码列表输入要回测的股票,以及回测的起止日期。

2、确定买卖原则

每月月初买入市值最小的30只股票并且成交额满足一定条件的股票,持有至下个月月初再调仓

3、模拟回测

通过 trade 模块中的初始化函数定义交易手续费。
通过 trade 模块中的主函数(handle函数)实现交易规则,并打印交易日志。

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    In [5]:
    # 本代码由可视化策略环境自动生成 2022年10月11日 16:10
    # 本代码单元只能在可视化模式下编辑。您也可以拷贝代码,粘贴到新建的代码单元或者策略,然后修改。
    
    
    # 回测引擎:初始化函数,只执行一次
    def m5_initialize_bigquant_run(context):
        # 加载股票指标数据,数据继承自m6模块
        context.indicator_data = context.options['data'].read_df()
    
        # 系统已经设置了默认的交易手续费和滑点,要修改手续费可使用如下函数
        context.set_commission(PerOrder(buy_cost=0.0003, sell_cost=0.0013, min_cost=5))
        
        # 设置股票数量
        context.stock_num = 30
        
        # 调仓天数,22个交易日大概就是一个月。可以理解为一个月换仓一次
        context.rebalance_days = 22
        
        # 如果策略运行中,需要将数据进行保存,可以借用extension这个对象,类型为dict
        # 比如当前运行的k线的索引,比如个股持仓天数、买入均价
        if 'index' not in context.extension:
            context.extension['index'] = 0
     
        
    
    # 回测引擎:每日数据处理函数,每天执行一次
    def m5_handle_data_bigquant_run(context, data):
        
        
        context.extension['index'] += 1
        # 不在换仓日就return,相当于后面的代码只会一个月运行一次,买入的股票会持有1个月
        if  context.extension['index'] % context.rebalance_days != 0:
            return 
        
        # 当前的日期
        date = data.current_dt.strftime('%Y-%m-%d')
        
        cur_data = context.indicator_data[context.indicator_data['date'] == date]
        # 根据日期获取调仓需要买入的股票的列表
        stock_to_buy = list(cur_data.instrument[:context.stock_num])
        # 通过positions对象,使用列表生成式的方法获取目前持仓的股票列表
        stock_hold_now = [equity.symbol for equity in context.portfolio.positions]
        # 继续持有的股票:调仓时,如果买入的股票已经存在于目前的持仓里,那么应继续持有
        no_need_to_sell = [i for i in stock_hold_now if i in stock_to_buy]
        # 需要卖出的股票
        stock_to_sell = [i for i in stock_hold_now if i not in no_need_to_sell]
      
        # 卖出
        for stock in stock_to_sell:
            # 如果该股票停牌,则没法成交。因此需要用can_trade方法检查下该股票的状态
            # 如果返回真值,则可以正常下单,否则会出错
            # 因为stock是字符串格式,我们用symbol方法将其转化成平台可以接受的形式:Equity格式
    
            if data.can_trade(context.symbol(stock)):
                # order_target_percent是平台的一个下单接口,表明下单使得该股票的权重为0,
                #   即卖出全部股票,可参考回测文档
                context.order_target_percent(context.symbol(stock), 0)
        
        # 如果当天没有买入的股票,就返回
        if len(stock_to_buy) == 0:
            return
    
        # 等权重买入 
        weight =  1 / len(stock_to_buy)
        
        # 买入
        for stock in stock_to_buy:
            if data.can_trade(context.symbol(stock)):
                # 下单使得某只股票的持仓权重达到weight,因为
                # weight大于0,因此是等权重买入
                context.order_target_percent(context.symbol(stock), weight)
     
    # 回测引擎:准备数据,只执行一次
    def m5_prepare_bigquant_run(context):
        pass
    
    # 回测引擎:每个单位时间开始前调用一次,即每日开盘前调用一次。
    def m5_before_trading_start_bigquant_run(context, data):
        pass
    
    
    m1 = M.instruments.v2(
        start_date=T.live_run_param('trading_date', '2021-06-01'),
        end_date='2021-11-01',
        market='CN_STOCK_A',
        instrument_list='',
        max_count=0
    )
    
    m2 = M.input_features.v1(
        features="""market_cap_float_0
    amount_0"""
    )
    
    m3 = M.general_feature_extractor.v7(
        instruments=m1.data,
        features=m2.data,
        start_date='',
        end_date='',
        before_start_days=60
    )
    
    m4 = M.sort.v4(
        input_ds=m3.data,
        sort_by='market_cap_float_0',
        group_by='instrument',
        keep_columns='--',
        ascending=True
    )
    
    m6 = M.filter.v3(
        input_data=m4.sorted_data,
        expr='amount_0 > 10000',
        output_left_data=False
    )
    
    m5 = M.trade.v4(
        instruments=m1.data,
        options_data=m6.data,
        start_date='',
        end_date='',
        initialize=m5_initialize_bigquant_run,
        handle_data=m5_handle_data_bigquant_run,
        prepare=m5_prepare_bigquant_run,
        before_trading_start=m5_before_trading_start_bigquant_run,
        volume_limit=0.025,
        order_price_field_buy='open',
        order_price_field_sell='open',
        capital_base=1000000,
        auto_cancel_non_tradable_orders=True,
        data_frequency='daily',
        price_type='后复权',
        product_type='股票',
        plot_charts=True,
        backtest_only=False,
        benchmark=''
    )
    
    • 收益率-4.69%
    • 年化收益率-11.19%
    • 基准收益率-8.27%
    • 阿尔法-0.02
    • 贝塔0.48
    • 夏普比率-0.66
    • 胜率0.51
    • 盈亏比1.9
    • 收益波动率19.61%
    • 信息比率0.03
    • 最大回撤15.59%
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